Nail fungus on the feet of the photographic phase of treatment and description

Nail fungi in the legs are a common pathology, which is associated with unpleasant symptoms: peeling or laying the nail plate, a change in its shade, pain, itching and other negative sensations.What are the causes of the disease, what types and stages are they?How to diagnose and eliminate nail plate damage?Is it possible to warn the pathological process?

What is onycomycosis, for which reasons arise

Nail fungi in the legs, or onycomycosis, is a disease caused by dermatophytes, mold, yeast and other varieties of fungi.This is a secondary infection that occurs after foot lesions.

The main factors affecting the development of pathology:

• Age and gender of man;
• climatic conditions;
• associated diseases;
• occupation

The disease can occur for the following reasons:

• humidity contributes to the rapid spread of fungi, especially if a person neglects the drying of the shoe;
• Visiting a bathroom, pool, an ordinary soul without personal shoes, walking naked;
• non -disagreement with elementary hygiene rules;
• Entering a favorable environment of dried fungal particles, which are on the skin;
• pathologies of the endocrine system, metabolic disorders;
• foot deformity and violation of blood circulation in it;
• Inappropriate and inappropriate dressing in the size of the shoe.

Varieties of fungi and their features

There are 3 main types of onychomycosis:

1. Normotorophical.This type is characterized by a change in nail shade, the appearance of lines and stains from white to yellow.The brightness and strength of the nail plate is preserved.
2. Hypertrophic.The nail shade is changing - they become dull, thicker and partially destroy.Very often, patients with such a disease are painful to walk.
3. Onikolytic.The nail plate is intensively stained in gray and is gradually rejected by the surrounding tissue.

Varieties of onychomycosis at the site of the lesion:

• distal (the nail touched on the free edge);
• side - damage to places on the sides;
• Proximal - the rear roller is affected;
• Total - the whole nail plate suffers from the disease.

Stages of onycomycosis, associated symptoms

Nail fungi in the legs do not overcome phalanx immediately and completely, the disease gradually goes through several stages:

1. at the beginning (beginner);
2. Launched (late).

At the beginning of a fungal disease, after a violation of the integrity of the skin of the legs, itching sensations appear between the fingers, cracks and bubbles appear.Gradually, the infection affects different parts of the nail.In most situations, at an early stage, the pathology cannot be diagnosed independently due to the lack of pronounced symptoms.Small and other crossing lines on the nail plate are practically not visible to the naked eye.Laboratory diagnosis is indicated.

The advanced phase is a wide nail injury and the entire phalanx part.In the absence of timely treatment, there is a complete loss of nail plate, damaged skin integrity and the passage of harmful microorganisms that caused the infectious process.

The main symptoms of the late phase of the pathology: the detachment and peeling of the nail plate, the violation of its shape and thickness.The last stage of the disease is the complete destruction of the nail or its pronounced deformity, as well as the development of complications under the influence of a fungus that require long and complex therapy.

Diagnostic methods

To diagnose onycomycosis, you should contact a dermatologist.The doctor will prescribe laboratory studies (mycological, microbiological and histological), evaluate the results of the tests, symptoms and perform a personal study and examination of the patient.

Therapeutic tactics depend on the severity of the disease, its causes, simultaneous symptoms and type of pathogen.The diagnosis is confirmed or rejected when using wood lighting lamp.Differential diagnosis is performed to distinguish between fungi from other diseases (psoriasis, eczema, flat red liqueur, etc.).

Treatment features

Anydo fluctuations in the appearance of nails (persistent and slowly progressive) in shape, color, thickness, structural features are the reason for immediate contact with the dermatologist.The sooner the patient begins local treatment, the lower the use of oral use funds, which operate in all systems of the body, are needed.

Folk remedies have proven their effectiveness in the early stages of onycomycosis, and their use has been welcomed by doctors.However, all procedures, medication treatment, folk therapy should agree with the physician who participates in the results of laboratory research and hardware, studying anamnesis and assessing simultaneous symptoms.

External use

If the disease has just begun to develop actively and has not reached the late stages with severe symptoms, we may be limited to the application of local antifungal pharmacy drugs.It is enough to apply a cream, gel or solution to the pathological area several times a day, morning and evening.

Before applying the local drug, it is necessary to first prepare the nail plates.First of all, it is necessary to immerse your feet in a solution of soap rows (in a semi -filled pelvis with hot water, 1 tbsp and 50 g of laundry soap should be distributed).Thanks to such a 15-minute bath, the layers on the nails are significantly softened, which should be removed with manicure scissors or nippers and fired with a file.

When processing, you should not use the same manicure equipment for simultaneous care for healthy patients and nails.

At the earliest stages of fungal damage, you can use special antifungal plays.The duration of therapy is about one year.

Oral preparations

If the disease has passed the initial phase and develops daily, the oral use of medicines in a tablet form is indicated.Such medicines help to overcome the disease even in the most advanced stages.By penetrating the blood, the active ingredients of the medication have comprehensively affects all body systems, which do not allow fungi to penetrate healthy organs.

Physics

An effective method of physiotherapeutic treatment is a laser therapy.However, to achieve a continuous effect of laser therapy, this procedure is indicated in combination with medication taking - laser is unable to independently kill fungi without pharmacy.Laser therapy helps prevent the disease relapse due to the penetration of rays into the deeper layers of the skin, reaching remote focuses of the lesion.

With advanced forms of onycomycosis, the electrochemical methods of physiotherapeutic effects are effective.These are procedures such as electrophoresis and ionophoresis.Physiotherapy helps to penetrate medication into the affected areas of the skin and destroy yeast and other varieties of fungi.

Surgical removal of nail plate

Many experts recommend surgical removal of the nail plate damaged by a fungus if the disease is in an advanced stage, while other methods have shown their inefficiency.The surgery is performed on outpatient basis or hospital with preliminary anesthesia.

Possible complications after surgical intervention:

• pain;
• penetration of infection into the wound;
• Further growth of irregular shape nails.

Performing surgical intervention is contraindicated in persons:

• with healing wounds slowly;
• to have madness;
• With poor fillers with blood filled confirmed by diagnostic studies.

Post -operative recommendations:

• Do not load your fingers for a few days;
• Do not moisten the bandage for a week;
• avoid tight shoes;
• treat the wound regularly with an antiseptic, make clothing;
• Periodically visit a dermatologist to evaluate the quality of treatment and prevent the disease from relaw.People's tools

Specialists also welcome treatment with folk remedies.The main condition is a preliminary consultation with the doctor who participates in the calculation of doses and receiving the recommendations.

Effective folk remedies for nail fungi:

• Vinegar harmful microorganisms that cause a pathological process die in an acidic environment.It is enough to make vinegar baths daily (water at room temperature with vinegar in a portion of 8: 1) for 15 minutes.Before the procedure, you should evaporate the legs.
• Propolis.The tool is effective only with systematic use.You need to get a 25%solution of bee glue, wet a cotton pad in it, attach to the pathological place and adjust the gauze bandage at night.
• Iodine this is the simplest and most effective method to treat nail plate fungi.On washed and dried nails, iodine should be applied with a cotton swab, touching only the damaged area of the nail.Therapy should take about a month.
• Soda in 2 liters of warm water, 1 tablespoon should be distributed.l.Soda in such a bath, you need to keep your feet for about 15 minutes.
• Essential oils.The greatest efficiency was shown by tea tree oil.The substance should be rubbed on the damaged nail plate 2 times a day for at least 3 weeks.
• Plant -based products.The most effective are the following plants: celandine, thyme, burdock, golden mustache.

Mistakes in treatment and their consequences

3 common errors made by many patients during the treatment of onycomycosis:

1. improperly prescribed medicines;
2. Outdated approach to treatment;
3. Failure to meet preventive measures to prevent infection.

Nail fungi in the legs with insufficient treatment or its absence can cause eczema, lymphostasis, adhesion of a bacterial infection with the development of inflammation, complete loss of nail plate, inflammatory process in the lower extremities and other pathologies.If the fungal infection spreads throughout the nail plate, it is urgent to start treatment in order to avoid the appearance of complications.If the patient has severe immunity and has no significant symptoms of onycomycosis, the body is able to withstand the infection without external help.

Preventive

To prevent the appearance of onycomycosis, it is necessary to adhere to the following rules:

• Wash your feet daily with warm water with soap or other skin washing;
• Use a pumice or a special brush to remove the layers of keratinized and dead skin;
• Wipe your legs well after washing, paying special attention to the interval between your fingers;
• Start a special towel for the feet, wash it regularly at high temperatures;
• Use talc and other cosmetics for intense foot sweating;
• Do not neglect personal hygiene rules, especially after physical exercise and in the hot season;
• Choose comfortable shoes made of natural materials, in size, which do not rub and compress phalanges of the fingers;
• After dressing, giving shoes to dry out of moisture;
• Do not wear socks and wet heels;
• In the rain or snow, always change the shoes, falling into a dry warm room.

The fight against nail fungi should start, armed with knowledge of it.Thanks to this selection, you can independently decide on the pathogen, localization and severity of onycomycosis and start taking some actions in time.